This week in Philippine history

November 11, 2010

November 7

1751 – Don Pedro Enriquez, an auditor of the Royal Audiencia of the Philippine Islands, reports what he has done for the pacification of the villages of Taguig, Hagonoy, Parañaque, Bacoor, Cavite Viejo (now known as Kawit, Cavite), which revolted due to agrarian troubles: the proclamation of a general pardon and a promise that their complaints will be heard and justice done.

1891 – La Ilustracíon Filipina publishes its first issue with eight pages and a four-page cover, in two columns. The founder is José de Zaragosa.

1898 – The liberators of Negros, assembled in Bacolor, promulgate a constitution and establish the Provinsional Revolutionary Government with Aniceto Lacson, President; Juan Araneta, Secretary of War; Eusebio Luzuriaga, Secretary of Treasury; Simeon Lizares, Secretary of Interior; Nicolas Golez, Secretary of Fomento; Antonio Jayme, Secretary of Justice; Agustin Amenablar, Secretary of Agriculture and Commerce; and Melecio Severino, Executive Secretary.

1899 – General Lloyd Wheaton lands on Lingayen beach to cut off the retreat of General Emilio Aguinaldo.

1901 – The Liberty Party meets in Manila affirming its annexationist policy.

1918 – The Philippine Legislature passes a concurrent resolution creating a Commission of Independence for the purpose of studying ways and means of securing independence.

November 8

1762 – British colonial forces capture Pasig a month after the surrender of Manila by the Spaniards led by acting governor-general Archbishop Manual Antonio Rojo; some four days earlier, the British authorities that at that point occupied Manila and Cavite, which lie along the harbor, issued a proclamation granting Filipino residents with rights enjoyed by other subjects of the British crown; Britain’s occupation came amidst the Seven Years War between the two European powers.

1899 – San Jose, Nueva Ecija is captured by enemy American invaders without resistance nine months into the bloody and protracted Philippine-American War (1899-1914); the capture comes nearly a month after the imperialist United States forces started a major offensive that involved the influx of troops in the bid to invade the Southeast Asian archipelago, with Philippine President Emilio Aguinaldo going into hiding and further retreating northwards.

1947 – The first election under the Republic is held for local officials and eight senators.

November 9

1827 – Teodora Alonzo, mother of Dr. Jose Rizal, is born in Manila. She was Rizal’s first teacher and known for being a disciplinarian and a dedicated, hard-working mother. She was Rizal’s inspiration for taking up medicine, specifically ophthalmology. After Rizal was declared the national hero of the Philippines, the legislature offered her a lifetime pension as a token of gratitude. She politely refused, saying, “My family has never been patriotic for the money. If the government has plenty of funds and does not know what to do with them, it’s better to reduce the taxes.” She died in Manila on 16 August 1911.

1855 – Mariano Llanera, a general in the Philippine Revolution, is born in Nueva Ecija. He adopted a black flag with a white K on the left and a white skull-and-bones on the right as he fought in the provinces of Bulacan, Tarlac, Nueva Ecija and Pampanga. Andres Bonifacio referred to this flag as “Bungo ni Llanera” or Llanera’s Skull. Llanera is also known for the leading the “first cry of Nueva Ecija” on September 2, 1896 which signaled the participation of the province in the Revolution. He died on September 19, 1942.

1892 – Ramon Basa is initiated into the Katipunan and adopted the symbolic name “Liwanag”. He became the second president of the organization after Deodato Arellano and preceding Andres Bonifacio.

1937 – Tagalog is recommended to be the basis of the national language of the Philippines by the Institute of National Language during the colonial American period. Less than a month after the Institute submitted the recommendation, President Manuel L. Quezon would proclaim Tagalog-based Filipino as the national language of the Philippines.

November 10

1896 – Gregoria P. Montoya (1863-1896) of Kawit, Cavite, led a force of 30 Magdalo men to Noveleta as reinforcement for the Katipuneros under the overall command of Colonel Lucian San Miguel who fought the Spanish troops headed by General De Los Rios. During what is known as the Battle of Calero (or the Battle of Dalahican), she was hit in the midsection by a cannonball from a Spanish navy boat. Although it remains unclear whether she was awarded posthumously the title of “Generala”, the people of Kawit named a street “Gregoria” in her native barrio of Tabon in her memory and hailed her as the heroine of the Battle of Calero.

1896 – Candido Tria Tirona (1862-1896), revolutionary general and secretary of war in the Magdalo council, died in action during the Battle of Binakayan in Kawit, Cavite.

1899 – Isabelo de los Reyes (1864 – 1938), also known as Don Belong, a prominent Filipino writer, labor activist, politician and founder of the Philippine Independent Church (Aglipay), published the first issue of Filipinas ante Europa in Madrid.

1900 – One year and nine months into the Philippine-American War (1899 – 1914), Lt. Colonel John S. Mallory of the invading United States forces serving as military attache in Peking reports to the U.S. War Secretary about the arms shipment ready to be delivered to the Philippines; the shipment contains the following: 5,000 rifles, 2,000 revolvers, 3,000 swords, 50,000 rounds of ammunition, thirty guns,

1902 – Marinduque was made part of the province of Tayabas under Act No. 499. At the same time, under Act No. 500, Lubang group of islands became a part of Mindoro while Puerto Galera was made the capital of the province. Captain Robert G. Ofley was appointed first American Civil Governor.

1953 – Ramon Magsaysay was elected the new President and Carlos P. Garcia as Vice President. Known to be the leader of the poor, Magsaysay, initiated many local infrastructure projects and established special courts to resolve disputes between landlords and tenants.

November 11

1849 – Governor Narciso Claveria decrees a change of Filipino surnames to Spanish surnames.

1858 – Birth of General Martin Teofilo Delgado, the revolutionary leader in Visayas and Mindanao during the Philippine Revolution in 1896 and the Philippine-American War in 1899-1901, is born in Santa Barbara, Iloilo. He surrendered to the Americans in February 1901 after he fought fiercely. In his honor, the Americans appointed him the first governor of Iloilo in May, 1901. He was elected governor and served until 1904. He spent his last years in the island of Culion where he died on November 12, 1918 at the age of 60.

1896 – General Aguinaldo repulses the Spanish forces in the Battle of Binakayan, Kawit, Cavite. It was one of the greatest victories won by the Filipinos during the Revolution.

1902 – A commission is created to secure, organize and conduct an exhibit of Philippine products, manufacturers, art, ethnology and education at the Louisiana Purchase Expositions, St. Louis, in 1904.

1909 – Inauguration of Governor-General William Cameron Forbes.

1941 – Manuel L. Quezon and Sergio Osmeña are re-elected President and Vice-President of the Philippines, respectively, in the Second Commonwealth election.

1944 – The U.S. Carrier Task Force attacks Ormoc Bay, Leyte.

November 12

1611 – The King orders Governor Silva to restrain, as prudently as possible, the arrogance of the religious; to check evasions of commercial laws and to pass certain regulations regarding the Mexican trade; to continue to forbid the Japanese from residing in the islands; and to stop the military training of Filipinos.

1751 – Death of Fray Juan Arrechederra who became Governor on September 21, 1745, quelled the insurrection in Batangas, and fortified Manila and Cavite against the English.

1835 – At the first meeting of the second session of the Spanish Cortes, D. Juan Francisco Lecaros and D. Andres Gracia Camba, representatives-elect from the Philippines, present their credentials.

1839 – Birth of Mariano Sevilla, clergyman, educator, religious writer, founder of the Colegio de la Sagrada Familia, publisher editor of Catolico Filipino, in Sta. Ines, Bulacan, Bulacan. Died on November 23, 1923.

1889 – The Becerra law, named after the overseas Minister (Ministro de Ultramar), is approved. It gives to the towns of Cebu, Ililo, Jaro, Batangas, Albay, Nueva Caceres, and Vigan the right to organize Ayuntamiento similar to those of the municipalities of Spain.

1898 – A provisional government is established by the inhabitants in Negros with Aniceto Lacson, President; and Jose Luis Luzuriaga, Vice-President of the Congress in Negros.

1899 – * Tarlac is captured by the American forces.

*A council of war is held in Bayambang, Pangasinan, to decide the continuation of the Philippine-American War through guerilla warfare. It is attended by General Emilio Aguinaldo and other Filipino military leaders.

1943 – The U.S. Congress passes Joint Resolution No. 25 extending the terms of office of the President and Vice-President of the Commonwealth until the President of the United States shall have proclaimed the restoration of constitutional processes and the normal functions of the government in the Philippines.

November 13

1872 – Arcadio Arrellano, architect, revolutionary leader, and councilor of the city of Manila, is born in Tondo, Manila. He was considered a pioneer in the architecture field in his time and incorporated native Filipino plants and motifs in his works in famous edifices and residential buildings for the elite. Arellano served in the engineering corps and attained the rank of captain during the second stage of the Revolution. He was responsible for supervising the repairs made to the Malolos Convent in 1898, which was used by the Revolutionary government during the Revolution. He died on April 20, 1920.

1892 – A group of nuns, Mother Maria du Perpétual Secours, Superior, Sr. M. Alipia, Sr. Maria de la Cruz, and Sr. M. Celedonia, sail from Barcelona on board the steamer Isla de Panay for the Philippines.

1899 – Emilio Aguinaldo’s retreat to Northern Luzon begins. He leaves Bayambang with his staff and a force under the command of General Gregorio del Pilar.

1936 – The Institute of National Language of the Philippines is established.

Sources: http://www.nhi.gov.ph
http://www.camperspoint.com
http://en.wikipilipinas.org
http://philippines-islands-lemuria.blogspot.com

Filed under: Pinoy History